5. Geographical Availability Depending on the location of businesses, suppliers with a good logistical network can ensure timely delivery and availability of stock. Local suppliers may also provide cost advantages compared to international counterparts due to reduced shipping fees.

In the meantime, some big manufacturers boosted their product pricing to better their margins, such as Venator, which increased its titanium dioxide prices by roughly 160 USD /MT for the third quarter of 2021 in the North America region. Overall, prices for Anatase grade in the United States hovered about 3485 USD /MT through the end of June.

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In general, nanoparticles have been shown to accumulate in the body, particularly in organs in the gastrointestinal tract, along with the liver, spleen, and capillaries of the lungs.

Mixture of inorganic compounds, widely used as a white pigment powder / From Wiki

Furthermore, this packaging has been shown to have both antibacterial and photocatalytic activity, the latter of which reduces ultraviolet (UV) exposure (5Trusted Source, 6).

Research supports that applying titanium dioxide to the skin in the form of sunscreens, makeup, and other topical products does not pose any health risks. 

Authors would like to mention that aditional experimental details, spectra and pictures are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

In summary, although more human evidence is needed to determine the risks of the mineral, potential titanium dioxide side effects from excessive exposure (especially when inhaled) may include:

The US and Canada, however, approve the use of titanium dioxide as a food additive. Canada's recent review of titanium dioxide reconfirmed its safety and pointed out that many of the toxicity studies the EU reviewed were not relevant to the safety of titanium dioxide as a food ingredient, and that the ban is based on an abundance of caution and uncertainty.

Oil absorption g/100

Apart from the cosmetics industry, the coatings and plastics industry is also expected to contribute significantly to the growth of titanium dioxide in 2023. Coatings made from titanium dioxide offer excellent hiding power, durability and weather resistance, making them ideal for outdoor applications. Demand for high-quality coatings is expected to surge as the construction and automotive industries expand. Titanium dioxide is at the forefront of providing aesthetic and protective coatings, making it an indispensable ingredient in the industry.

Yes. According to the FDA and other regulatory agencies globally, “titanium dioxide may be safely used for coloring foods”. Titanium dioxide is safe to use, and the FDA provides strict guidance on how much can be used in food. The amount of food-grade titanium dioxide that is used is extremely small; the FDA has set a limit of 1 percent titanium dioxide for food. There is currently no indication of a health risk at this level of exposure through the diet.