Ref 1:1 How Is Titanium Dioxide Made?
- Despite its numerous benefits, there are concerns regarding the environmental impact of titanium dioxide. Nanoparticles, in particular, may pose health risks if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Researchers are actively exploring ways to mitigate these risks, such as developing coatings that prevent the release of nanoparticles into the environment.
Duan et al. administered 125 mg/kg BW or 250 mg/kg BW of anatase TiO2 (5 nm) intragastrically to mice continuously for 30 days. The exposed mice lost body weight, whereas the relative liver, kidney, spleen and thymus weights increased. Particles seriously affected the haemostasis of the blood and the immune system. The decrease in the immune response could be the result of damage to the spleen, which is the largest immune organ in animals and plays an important role in the immune response. Powel et al. demonstrated that TiO2 NPs may trigger immune reactions of the intestine after oral intake. They showed that TiO2 NPs conjugated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, but not TiO2 NPs or lipopolysaccharide alone, trigger the immune response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in isolated intestinal tissue. This indicates that TiO2 NPs may be important mediators in overcoming normal gut-cell hyporesponsiveness to endogenous luminal molecules, which may be particularly relevant to patients with inflammatory bowel disease, which is characterized by an abnormal intestinal permeability.
- List of inorganic pigments
But despite all these cries of alarm, five years on from the original study no further testing into the safety of Titanium Dioxide in our food supply